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Vol. 294, Issue 1, 27-32, July 2000
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of
Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Marijuana is used by humans for its psychoactive and medicinal effects.
The active constituents of marijuana, the cannabinoids, exert effects
via a G protein-coupled receptor, CB1. Two arachidonic acid
analogs, N-arachidonylethanolamine and
2-arachidonylglycerol are hypothesized to function as endogenous
ligands of the CB1 receptor. The cannabinoids exert
significant vascular effects in humans and laboratory animals. In
particular, the cannabinoids produce vasodilation and hypotension. The
possible mechanisms for these effects are inhibition of transmitter
release from sympathetic nerve terminals, direct effects on vascular
smooth muscle cells, and effects on endothelial cell function. The data
regarding these effects of the cannabinoids and possible sources of
endocannabinoid ligands in the vasculature are the subjects of this review.
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