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Vol. 290, Issue 2, 832-839, August 1999
Vancouver Vascular Biology Research Centre, We compared endothelial responses to calcium-mobilizing agents in
mesenteric and cerebral resistance arteries of the rat. Middle cerebral
and small mesenteric arteries were mounted in a pressure myograph, and
myogenic responses were recorded. The effects of acetylcholine (ACh),
bradykinin, substance P, histamine, A23187, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA),
and sodium nitroprusside were investigated in both arteries with
myogenic tone in the absence and presence of nitric oxide synthase and
cyclooxygenase inhibitors. The effects of raised potassium,
K+ channel blockers, and arachidonic metabolism inhibition
were examined on the nitric oxide (NO) synthase/cyclooxygenase
inhibitor-resistant dilation induced by ACh and CPA. Cerebral arteries
display a high level of myogenic reactivity compared with mesenteric
arteries. In cerebral arteries, only bradykinin and substance P induced endothelium-dependent dilation. The observed dilation was solely related to the activation of the NO pathway. However, in mesenteric arteries, all of the vasoactive agents induced endothelium-dependent dilation. A combination of NO, cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids, and
a factor with endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-like properties was responsible for the observed vasodilation. NO and cyclooxygenase derivatives were able to compensate for each other in
the CPA-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation when one of the two
pathways was blocked. Moreover, small Ca2+-activated
K+ channels and a combination of both large and small
Ca2+-activated K+ channels were implicated in
the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-like component of
dilation to ACh and CPA, respectively. Finally, the results suggest
that the pathway by which agonists raise intracellular calcium
concentration may determine the nature of the endothelial
secretory product.
0022-3565/99/2902-0832$03.00/0
THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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