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Vol. 288, Issue 2, 735-741, February 1999
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of
Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan (X.-Y.C., H.S., K.U., Y.K.,
Y.S.); and
Institute of Cancer Research, Kagoshima University,
Kagoshima, Japan (S.A.)
To investigate the possible involvement of P-glycoprotein
(P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), and/or other glutathione S-conjugate export pump (GS-X pump) family
members on the active efflux of irinotecan
[(7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-pipertidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxy camptothecin (CPT-11)] and its metabolites, as well as their
contribution to the acquisition of resistance, we studied the uptake of
CPT-11, its active metabolite SN-38, and glucuronide
conjugate (SN38-Glu) using membrane vesicles from human epidermoid
KB-3-1-derived cell lines. These lines included KB-C2, C-A500, and
KCP-4, which overexpress P-gp, MRP, and the unidentified GS-X pump,
respectively. The carboxylate form of SN-38 exhibited
significant ATP-dependent transport, with a Michaelis constant of 17 µM, into membrane vesicles from C-A500 but not from other cell lines.
Among these KB-derived cells, significant ATP-dependent uptake of the
carboxylate form of CPT-11 was only observed in KB-C2 vesicles. In
addition, the uptake of the lactone and carboxylate forms of SN38-Glu
into membrane vesicles from C-A500 and KB-C2, but not KCP-4, was ATP
dependent, although the transport activity in C-A500 was much higher
than that in KB-C2. The
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)
assay revealed that the resistance of KB-C2 to CPT-11 and
SN-38, compared with that of KB-3-1, was 6.3- and 6.8-fold, respectively; the corresponding figures for C-A500 were 12- and 27-fold, respectively, whereas those for KCP-4 were 2.3- and 20-fold, respectively. These results suggest that MRP and P-gp are involved in
the active efflux of SN-38 and CPT-11, respectively, from
human KB-derived cells. In addition, a difference in substrate specificity among GS-X pump members was demonstrated.
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