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Vol. 287, Issue 1, 307-314, October 1998
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Stress worsens certain disorders such as migraines or asthma, and has
also been implicated in sudden myocardial arrest. It was previously
shown that acute psychological stress by immobilization results in dura
mast cell degranulation, an effect blocked by pretreatment with
antiserum against corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Moreover, CRH
was recently shown to induce skin mast cell degranulation. The effect
of psychological stress was investigated on rat cardiac mast cells,
because their release of coronary constrictive and proinflammatory
molecules contributes to myocardial ischemia and possibly arrhythmias.
Immobilization of rats for 30 min induced maximal cardiac mast cell
degranulation as evidenced by light and electron microscopy. This
effect was inhibited by pretreatment with the "antiallergic" drug
sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn), which is thought to act primarily
through mast cell stabilization. Mast cell degranulation was also
blocked by preincubation with antiserum against CRH and was partially
inhibited by a CRH type-1 receptor selective antagonist. Sensory
neuropeptides did not appear to influence this effect, but a nonpeptide
neurotensin receptor antagonist blocked stress-induced cardiac mast
cell degranulation. This finding supports the involvement of
neuropeptide neurotensin which is present in the heart and is known to
trigger mast cell degranulation. These results indicate acute stress
could result in local CRH and nonpeptide neurotensin release which
could contribute to myocardial pathophysiology through direct or
indirect release of cardiac mast cell mediators.
0022-3565/98/2871-0307$03.00/0
THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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