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Vol. 284, Issue 1, 420-426, 1998

SB 207499 (Ariflo), a Potent and Selective Second-Generation Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor: In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Actions

Mary S. Barnette, Siegfried B. Christensen, David M. Essayan, Marilyn Grous, Uma Prabhakar, Julia A. Rush, Anne Kagey-Sobotka and Theodore J. Torphy

Departments of Pulmonary Pharmacology (M.S.B., M.G., J.A.R., T.J.T.), Immunopharmacology (T.J.T.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.B.C.) and Molecular Virology (U.B.), SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania; and Asthma and Allergy Center (D.M.E., A.K.S.), The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

First-generation phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, such as rolipram, inhibit the activation of immune and inflammatory cells. The clinical use of these compounds is limited by gastrointestinal side effects, such as increased acid secretion and nausea. Consequently, the challenge has been to design novel PDE4 inhibitors that maintain the anti-inflammatory actions of rolipram while achieving an improved side effect profile. Among the first of this new class of PDE4 inhibitors specifically designed to have an improved therapeutic index relative to earlier compounds is SB 207499 (Ariflo) [c-4-cyano-4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-r-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid]. In this study, we compared the anti-inflammatory and gastric secretogogue activities of SB 207499 with those of rolipram. The cellular models used were (1) histamine release from human basophils, (2) tumor necrosis factor-alpha generation in human monocytes, (3) degranulation of human neutrophils, (4) antigen-driven proliferation and cytokine synthesis from human T cells and (5) acid secretion from isolated rabbit gastric glands. SB 207499 inhibited the activation of a variety of immune and inflammatory cells in a concentration-dependent manner: (1) histamine release in basophils [-log IC25 = 6.6 ± 0.3 vs. 8.0 for (R)-rolipram], (2) lipopolysacchride-induced TNF-alpha formation in monocytes [-log IC50 = 7.0 ± 0.1 vs. 7.2 ± 0.1 for (R)-rolipram], (3) fMLP-induced degranulation in neutrophils [-log IC15 = 7.1 ± 0.2 vs. 6.4 ± 0.5 for (R)-rolipram], (4) house dust mite induced-proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells [-log IC40 = 6.5 ± 0.3 vs. 6.4 ± 0.3 for (R)-rolipram] and (5) ragweed-induced production of interferon-gamma [-log IC50 = 5.4] and interleukin-5 [-log IC50 = 5.0]. Although SB 207499 inhibits the activation of a variety of immune and inflammatory cells with a potency equal to that of rolipram, it is >100-fold less potent than the latter compound as an acid secretagogue [-log EC50 = 6.1 ± 0.1 vs. 8.3 ± 0.2 for (R)-rolipram]. Collectively, these data indicate that SB 207499 retains the anti-inflammatory activity of the prototypical PDE4 inhibitor rolipram but is substantially less likely to stimulate gastric acid secretion.

0022-3565/98/2841-0420$03.00/0
THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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