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Vol. 283, Issue 3, 1151-1159, 1997

Blood-Brain Disposition and Antinociceptive Effects of [D-Penicillamine2,5]enkephalin in the Mouse

Cuiping Chen and Gary M. Pollack

Division of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Although intravenous administration of [D-penicillamine2,5]-enkephalin (DPDPE) produces significant antinociception in rodents, the duration of antinociception is short (~15 min). The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that duration of antinociception for DPDPE is determined by both systemic and regional disposition (i.e., blood-brain translocation), and that the magnitude of antinociception is related more closely to concentrations in brain tissue than in blood. Systemic disposition was examined after i.v. administration of DPDPE (10-100 mg/kg) to male CD-1 mice. The relationship between antinociception and concentration in blood and brain tissue was assessed by determining antinociception 10 min after administration of DPDPE (10-100 mg/kg); effect versus brain tissue concentration data were fit with pharmacodynamic models to recover EC50 estimates. In addition, the time course of antinociception, as well as blood and brain tissue concentrations, were examined after an i.v. bolus dose (40 mg/kg) of DPDPE. The systemic disposition of DPDPE was nonlinear; both clearance and volume of distribution were dose-dependent. Antinociception increased proportionately with increasing concentrations of DPDPE in blood or brain tissue, with an EC50 of 1.42 ± 0.06 µg/g expressed as brain tissue concentration. However, the brain-to-blood concentration ratio also increased with increasing dose, suggestive of saturable translocation of DPDPE across the blood-brain barrier. Antinociception appeared rapidly (within 5 min) and dissipated within ~15 min after a 40 mg/kg i.v. dose. These results suggest that rapid elimination from blood and active efflux from brain limit the duration of action of DPDPE.

0022-3565/97/2833-1151$03.00/0
Copyright © 1997 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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