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Gallium arsenide selectively suppresses antigen processing by splenic macrophages for CD4+ T cell activation

TA Lewis, AE Munson and KL McCoy

Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is an intermetallic compound used in the electronics industry as a semiconductor. Acute exposure of animals to GaAs suppresses various immune functions. We investigated the effects of GaAs on immunocompetency with emphasis on macrophages. Mice were given 12.5 to 200 mg/kg GaAs i.p., and immune parameters were examined 1 or 5 days later. Chemically exposed mice did not display alteration in spienic cellular composition. Despite this, primary in vitro humoral response to sheep red blood cells by GaAs-exposed mice was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The ability of 5-day vehicle- or 200 mg/kg GaAs-exposed splenic macrophages to induce interleukin-2 production by antigen-specific CD4+ helper T cell hybridomas stimulated with soluble protein antigens was assessed. GaAs-exposed macrophages were less competent in eliciting T cell responses to pigeon cytochrome c and pork insulin than vehicle-exposed cells. However, GaAs-exposed macrophages activated hen egg lysozyme- and chicken ovalbumin-specific T cells as efficiently as vehicle control cells. Also, suppressed processing of cytochrome c was not observed after a 1-day exposure. Chemical exposure did not alter the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on the macrophages or their activation of T cells by peptides, which do not require processing. Therefore, GaAs causes a time- and antigen-dependent defect in antigen processing that is essential for CD4+ T cell stimulation by splenic macrophages.

Volume 278, Issue 3, pp. 1244-1251, 09/01/1996
Copyright © 1996 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics




This article has been cited by other articles:


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S. M. Becker and K. L. McCoy
Gallium Arsenide Selectively Up-Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine Expression at Exposure Site
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., December 1, 2003; 307(3): 1045 - 1053.
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 J. Immunol.Home page
T. A. Lewis2, C. B. Hartmann, and K. L. McCoy
Gallium Arsenide Modulates Proteolytic Cathepsin Activities and Antigen Processing by Macrophages
J. Immunol., September 1, 1998; 161(5): 2151 - 2157.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1996 by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.