Effects of acute ethanol administration on the hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase system in the rat

LG Sultatos

Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark.

Administration of ethanol (5 g/kg p.o.) to female Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in conversion of a portion of hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase 12 hr after treatment. Conversion was partly reversed in vitro by treatment of hepatic 100,000 X g supernatant with dithiothreitol, whereas pretreatment of rats with pyrazole (100 mg/kg i.p.) prevented conversion 18 hr after ethanol administration. Incubation of acetaldehyde with rat liver supernatant at 37 degrees C converted xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase in a dose- dependent manner, whereas incubation of ethanol with rat liver supernatant did not lead to conversion. Acetaldehyde-induced conversion in vitro was reversed by treatment with dithiothreitol, and was partially blocked by addition of equimolar concentrations of reduced glutathione. These data suggest that biotransformation of ethanol is required for conversion of hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase. Because xanthine oxidase utilizes molecular oxygen to produce superoxide radical, ethanol-induced conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase could contribute to the enhanced lipid peroxidation reported previously after administration of a single dose of ethanol.

Volume 246, Issue 3, pp. 946-949, 09/01/1988
Copyright © 1988 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. Haorah, B. Knipe, J. Leibhart, A. Ghorpade, and Y. Persidsky Alcohol-induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells causes blood-brain barrier dysfunction J. Leukoc. Biol., December 1, 2005; 78(6): 1223 - 1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]