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Effects of prolonged phenylephrine infusion on cardiac adrenoceptors and calcium channels

PJ Gengo, N Bowling, VL Wyss and JS Hayes

Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Effects of prolonged in vivo infusion of phenylephrine upon receptor binding and cardiac contractility were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. A 1-hr i.v. infusion of phenylephrine (3 mg/kg/hr) resulted in a sustained 50% increase in diastolic blood pressure and 5% increase in heart rate. Chronic (6-day) infusion (3 mg/kg/hr) utilizing Alzet mini- osmotic pumps maintained plasma concentrations of phenylephrine at 1.0 microgram/ml, depleted myocardial norepinephrine stores 8-fold and resulted in a modest cardiac hypertrophy. Density and affinity of myocardial adrenoceptors and calcium channels were quantified by analyzing saturation isotherms of radioligand binding. [3H]Prazosin, [3H]dihydroalprenolol and [3H]nitrendipine bound specifically and with high affinity to cardiac alpha-1 and beta adrenoceptors and calcium channels, respectively. As measured by Scatchard analyses, phenylephrine infusion significantly decreased the maximum number (Bmax) of specific [3H]prazosin binding sites by 39% (430 +/- 20 vs. 263 +/- 16 fmol/mg of protein; P less than .05). Chronic phenylephrine treatment also decreased the Bmax for [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding by 31% (124 +/- 3.3 vs. 86 +/- 6.6 fmol/mg of protein; P less than .05) and the Bmax for [3H]nitrendipine binding by 32% (342 +/- 8.8 vs. 235 +/- 6.7 fmol/mg of protein; P less than .05). Binding affinities (Kd) of [3H]prazosin, [3H]dihydroalprenolol and [3H]nitrendipine remained unchanged. Administration of vehicle alone or surgical manipulation due to osmotic pump implantation did not affect either the density or affinity of [3H]prazosin, [3H]dihydroalprenolol or [3H]nitrendipine binding. Contractile responses to phenylephrine were studied in isolated ventricular strips to determine the functional significance of alpha-1 adrenoceptor down-regulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Volume 244, Issue 1, pp. 100-105, 01/01/1988
Copyright © 1988 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics




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