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E Patterson, KM Walden, MB Khazaeli, DG Montgomery and BR Lucchesi
The electrophysiologic changes produced by amiodarone were examined in the isolated buffer-perfused rabbit heart. Long-term amiodarone administration (20 mg/kg/day for 28 days) depressed the intrinsic sinus heart rate and prolonged the PR and QT intervals of the electrocardiogram (P less than .05 vs. control). Ventricular refractoriness and the AH interval of the His-bundle electrogram were prolonged (P less than .05 vs. control) without a prolongation of the HV or QRS intervals. The electrophysiologic actions observed with long- term amiodarone treatment were reversed by the simultaneous administration of triiodothyronine (T3). No differences were noted in the electrophysiologic parameters measured in hearts removed from control and long-term amiodarone- plus T3-treated rabbits. The perfusion of the normal rabbit hearts with a buffer solution containing 1 microgram/ml of amiodarone hydrochloride failed to mimic the electrophysiologic changes produced by long-term amiodarone administration. Only a prolongation of the AH and PR intervals occurred with acute drug administration. The long-term administration of amiodarone was accompanied by decreased plasma T3 concentrations and increased concentrations of the less active thyroxine and reverse T3 species. The present data demonstrate the reversal of the electrophysiologic effects of long-term amiodarone administration by T3 administration. The data also suggest that the electrophysiologic actions of long-term amiodarone administration may be due in part to an antagonism of the actions of thyroid hormones.
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  S. Le Bouter, A. El Harchi, C. Marionneau, C. Bellocq, A. Chambellan, T. van Veen, C. Boixel, B. Gavillet, H. Abriel, K. Le Quang, et al. Long-Term Amiodarone Administration Remodels Expression of Ion Channel Transcripts in the Mouse Heart Circulation, November 9, 2004; 110(19): 3028 - 3035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. D Pitt, C. Fernandes, N. L Bewick, P. D Hemsworth, K. A Buhagiar, P. S Hansen, H. H Rasmussen, L. Delbridge, and D. W Whalley Chronic amiodarone-induced inhibition of the Na+-K+ pump in rabbit cardiac myocytes is thyroid-dependent: comparison with dronedarone Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2003; 57(1): 101 - 108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 R. F. Bosch, G.-R. Li, R. Gaspo, and S. Nattel Electrophysiologic Effects of Chronic Amiodarone Therapy and Hypothyroidism, Alone and in Combination, on Guinea Pig Ventricular Myocytes J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 1999; 289(1): 156 - 165. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. F. Gray, A. S. Mihailidou, P. S. Hansen, K. A. Buhagiar, N. L. Bewick, H. H. Rasmussen, and D. W. Whalley Amiodarone Inhibits the Na+-K+ Pump in Rabbit Cardiac Myocytes after Acute and Chronic Treatment J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 1998; 284(1): 75 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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I. Kodama, K. Kamiya, and J. Toyama Cellular electropharmacology of amiodarone Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 1997; 35(1): 13 - 29. [Full Text] [PDF]
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