Reduced neutrophil superoxide anion release after prolonged infusions of lidocaine

SL Peck, RB Johnston and LD Horwitz

Lidocaine is used extensively in coronary care units, yet the effect of lidocaine infusions on neutrophil function has not been known. Lidocaine and other local anesthetics impair leukocyte antibacterial functions when added in vitro. We found that lidocaine added to human neutrophils in vitro markedly impaired the release of superoxide anion (O2-) and the granule enzymes lysozyme and myeloperoxidase after stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan. We then measured production of O2- during stimulation of neutrophils from eight normal subjects, five coronary artery disease patients not receiving lidocaine and 13 coronary artery disease patients receiving lidocaine infusions for at least 12 hr. Release of O2- by cells from lidocaine- treated patients (14.2 +/- 3.8 nmol/2.5 X 10(6) neutrophils per 15 min) was significantly lower than from cells of the normal subjects (78.4 +/- 7.2 nmol; P less than .001) and the coronary patients not receiving lidocaine (70.6 +/- 4.0 nmol; P less than .001). Bactericidal assays at a high concentration (2 mg/ml) of lidocaine demonstrated slight reductions in 2 hr killing rates for Escherichia coli (70% with lidocaine vs. 95% control). Inhibition by lidocaine of the release of toxic oxygen metabolites from neutrophils could potentially reduce infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction; but as there is only a slightly reduced ability to kill bacteria, increased susceptibility to infections is unlikely although it cannot be excluded.

Volume 235, Issue 2, pp. 418-422, 11/01/1985
Copyright © 1985 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. J. M. de Klaver, G. S. Weingart, T. G. Obrig, and G. F. Rich Local anesthetic-induced protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced injury in endothelial cells: the role of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels. Anesth. Analg., April 1, 2006; 102(4): 1108 - 1113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Vinten-Johansen Involvement of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of lethal myocardial reperfusion injury Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2004; 61(3): 481 - 497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. M. de Klaver, M.-G. Buckingham, and G. F. Rich Lidocaine Attenuates Cytokine-Induced Cell Injury in Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Anesth. Analg., August 1, 2003; 97(2): 465 - 70. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Hahnenkamp, G. Theilmeier, H. K. Van Aken, and C. W. Hoenemann The Effects of Local Anesthetics on Perioperative Coagulation, Inflammation, and Microcirculation Anesth. Analg., June 1, 2002; 94(6): 1441 - 1447. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Ebel, P. Lipfert, J. Fra{beta}dorf, B. Preckel, J. Mullenheim, V. Thamer, and W. Schlack Lidocaine reduces ischaemic but not reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart Br. J. Anaesth., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 846 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. G. Fischer, M. Bremer, E. J. Coleman, B. Conrad, B. Krumm, A. Gross, M. W. Hollmann, G. Mandell, and M. E. Durieux Local Anesthetics Attenuate Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced Priming in Human Neutrophils Anesth. Analg., April 1, 2001; 92(4): 1041 - 1047. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Martinsson, T. Oda, E. Fernvik, K. Roempke, C.-J. Dalsgaard, and E. Svensjö Ropivacaine Inhibits Leukocyte Rolling, Adhesion and CD11b/CD18 Expression J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., October 1, 1997; 283(1): 59 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. A. Schmid, M. Yamashita, K. Ando, Y. Tanaka, J. D. Cooper, and G. A. Patterson Lidocaine Reduces Reperfusion Injury and Neutrophil Migration in Canine Lung Allografts Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 1996; 61(3): 949 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. R. Hansen Role of Neutrophils in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Circulation, March 15, 1995; 91(6): 1872 - 1885. [Abstract] [Full Text]