JPET Introducing ALZET?ew Model 2006 Pump

Home Help [Feedback] [For Subscribers] [Archive] [Search] [Contents]
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Nau, H.
Right arrow Articles by Helge, H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Nau, H.
Right arrow Articles by Helge, H.

Valproic acid and its metabolites: placental transfer, neonatal pharmacokinetics, transfer via mother's milk and clinical status in neonates of epileptic mothers

H Nau, D Rating, S Koch, I Hauser and H Helge

The pharmacokinetics of valproic acid (VPA) and several metabolites were measured in 11 epileptic mothers and their 12 newborns. VPA was found in higher concentrations in cord serum than in maternal serum [(factor 1.7 +/- 0.6; (n = 6)]. VPA was excreted in the neonates with a mean half-life of 47 +/- 15 hr (n = 8) which is approximately 4 times the mean value found in adult epileptics. Maternal comedication (primidone and phenytoin) resulted in slightly reduced half-lives. The transplacental kinetics of the two main VPA metabolites in blood were similar to those of VPA. The very low levels of VPA in mother's milk (3% of maternal serum concentrations) suggest apparent safety of breast feeding. The [13C]aminopyrine breath test indicated neonatal hepatic enzyme activities which were slightly above those of unexposed neonates, but much below those of neonates which had been exposed to primidone and phenytoin in utero. Six of eight neonates exposed to VPA- monotherapy, but only one exposed to primidone or phenytoin comedication, developed an icterus neonatorum. A number of minor anomalies (four to eight per child) were observed, particularly hernias, diastasis of musculus rectus abdominis and weak abdominal walls. Two children were microcephalic and in another four children the head circumferences were below the 10th percentile. Significant withdrawal symptoms were not observed. Also hypoplasia of the nails and phalanges and facial dysmorphism associated with the "fetal hydantoin syndrome" did not occur in VPA-exposed children except in one case in which primidone had been administered as comedication.

Volume 219, Issue 3, pp. 768-777, 12/01/1981
Copyright © 1981 by American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Adv. Psychiatr. Treat.Home page
D. Kohen
Psychotropic medication and breast-feeding
Advan. Psychiatr. Treat., September 1, 2005; 11(5): 371 - 379.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 FocusHome page
K. A. Yonkers, K. L. Wisner, Z. Stowe, E. Leibenluft, L. Cohen, L. Miller, R. Manber, A. Viguera, T. Suppes, and L. Altshuler
Management of Bipolar Disorder During Pregnancy The Postpartum Period
Focus, April 1, 2005; 3(2): 266 - 279.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. PsychiatryHome page
K. A. Yonkers, K. L. Wisner, Z. Stowe, E. Leibenluft, L. Cohen, L. Miller, R. Manber, A. Viguera, T. Suppes, and L. Altshuler
Management of Bipolar Disorder During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period
Am J Psychiatry, April 1, 2004; 161(4): 608 - 620.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
G. Ginsberg, D. Hattis, R. Miller, and B. Sonawane
Pediatric Pharmacokinetic Data: Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment for Children
Pediatrics, April 1, 2004; 113(4/S1): 973 - 983.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
P. B. Pennell
Antiepileptic drug pharmacokinetics during pregnancy and lactation
Neurology, September 1, 2003; 61(90062): S35 - 42.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. PsychiatryHome page
V. K. Burt, R. Suri, L. Altshuler, Z. Stowe, V. C. Hendrick, and E. Muntean
The Use of Psychotropic Medications During Breast-Feeding
Am J Psychiatry, July 1, 2001; 158(7): 1001 - 1009.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
P. D. Klein
13C Breath Tests: Visions and Realities
J. Nutr., May 1, 2001; 131(5): 1637S - 1642.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Drug Metab. Dispos.Home page
S. Kumar, H. Wong, S. A. Yeung, K. W. Riggs, F. S. Abbott, and D. W. Rurak
Disposition of Valproic Acid in Maternal, Fetal, and Newborn Sheep I: Placental Transfer, Plasma Protein Binding, and Clearance
Drug Metab. Dispos., July 1, 2000; 28(7): 845 - 856.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Drug Metab. Dispos.Home page
S. Kumar, H. Wong, S. A. Yeung, K. W. Riggs, F. S. Abbott, and D. W. Rurak
Disposition of Valproic Acid in Maternal, Fetal, and Newborn Sheep II: Metabolism and Renal Elimination
Drug Metab. Dispos., July 1, 2000; 28(7): 857 - 864.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
M. E. W. Bantz
Valproic Acid and Congenital Malformations: A Case Report
Clinical Pediatrics, June 1, 1984; 23(6): 352 - 353.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home Help [Feedback] [For Subscribers] [Archive] [Search] [Contents]
All ASPET Journals Molecular Pharmacology Pharmacological Reviews
Molecular Interventions Drug Metabolism and Disposition

Copyright © 1981 by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.